主题：【原创】翻译讨论 -- 人间树

其实当我说那是状语的时候，纯粹出于直感，我只是想用最省事的方法表达那两种用法的不同。（最近换了输入法，打字很痛苦。）

不过，搜索到一个网页，倒把我的观点都说出来了。

外链出处

我还发现一些老外也在争论这个问题，怎么命名是小事，但我所分辨的两种情况不可互易应该没问题。

Past Participle used as Adverbial — 过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情况，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语。

分词状语 修饰谓语 修饰句子

分词/分词短语 ， 主语 + 谓语动词 + ……

--------------------------------------------à-----------------------------------------á

表示动作发生的背景或情况，表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步或伴随情况

1．Confused （表原因）by the stones flying at them from all sides, the boys ran into the building.

Separated at birth, the twins do not know each other.

2．Once seen (表时间), it can never be forgotten. Questioned about the murder, he came tense.

3．Given (表条件) more water, the fish couldn’t die.

Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.

4．Even though defeated (表让步) again, the scientist didn’t give up.

5. Seen (表方式) from a spaceship, the earth looks like a blue green white ball.

6．She walked out of the house, followed (表伴随) by her little daughter.

He turned away disappointed.

连词加分词作状语

有时分词可以用连词加以强调。连词while常接现在分词；when接现在分词或过去分词均可；once, if, though, although, even if, even though, unless, than, as (像)等后面只能接过去分词。

When traveling, you should take care of yourself. When told of the news, she got very excited.

Don’t reach sideway while standing on a ladder. I won’t go to the party unless invited.

I wonder why he didn’t do the experiment as told to. Though surrounded, they didn’t give up.

现在分词与过去分词作状语时需要注意的事项：

1） 过去分词或现在分词作状语的时候，它的逻辑主语通常应是句子的主语。

l 从山顶上看，这座城市非常美丽。

状语从句作状语 （从句和主句可以有不同的主语）

If you see from the hill, the city is beautiful. When you see from the hill, the city is beautiful.

过去分词短语作状语

Seen from the hill, the city is beautiful. Seeing from the hill, you can see the city is beautiful.

l 把水加热到100度，谁就沸腾了。

状语从句作状语

If/When it is heated to 100℃, water will boil. (从句与主句的主语一致)

If/When we heat it to 100℃, water will boil. (从句与主句的主语不同)

过去分词短语作状语

Heated to 100℃, water will boil.

Heated to 100℃, water boils. (讲述的是自然现象)