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主题：【原创】请教一下河里的大拿：一个教堂导游手册的翻译 -- 朝雨
因为LD在英国的兰卡斯特工作，我这个暑假有三个礼拜在这里“度假”。这个周四我们两个在小城里闲逛，去了城里一个小教堂。这个教堂虽然不大，不过历史也有1000多年了。在小教堂里闲逛的时候，碰到一个教堂的管理人员，知道我们是中国人之后，非常热情（教堂里当时也没别人，估计这伙计好容易找到说话的人也很高兴）。聊了半天之后，他问我们能不能帮忙把教堂的导游手册翻译成中文。目前有英、法、德、日等语言的版本，还没有中文版。以前我也读过很多欧洲旅游景点的中文导游手册，翻译的五花八门，很多都惨不忍睹，词不达意。我自己平时也就算个历史爱好者而已，还是读书不求甚解的那种，让我翻译这种需要很强的历史/宗教/建筑/艺术背景的文字实在水平远远不够。不过后来在这伙计劝说之下决定试一下。回来一动手才发现这个任务对我太难了。很多单词有特定的宗教/历史/建筑上的特定意义，我手头也没有什么资料，基本就靠金山词霸，网上的维基百科把这篇导游手册翻译完了。但我知道里面很多我不懂的地方翻译的不很准确，错误也很多。因为我的相关知识有限，很多名词应该有约定俗成的中文翻译，但是我不知道，这样翻译过去别人就看不懂。虽然这是一个义务工作，不过想到这个手册会对以后参观这个教堂的同胞有所帮助，所以还是请教一下河里的大拿，尤其是精通英国历史/宗教历史的朋友帮忙检查一下。这个教堂的网页是
http://www.priory.lancs.ac.uk/
那里有一个日文版，是一个日本的英文教授翻译的，我不懂日文，但是由于很多词是用汉字写的，我也借鉴了不少。
封面 http://www.cchere.com/article/824855
早期历史 http://www.cchere.com/article/824857
建筑 http://www.cchere.com/article/824859
室内陈设 http://www.cchere.com/article/824862
今日教堂 http://www.cchere.com/article/824863
Lancaster Priory & Parish Church
兰卡斯特小教堂及教区教堂
There is no charge for this Guide, but donations would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.
此导游指南免费，不过我们非常感谢您的捐款。谢谢！
早期历史 http://www.cchere.com/article/824857
建筑 http://www.cchere.com/article/824859
室内陈设 http://www.cchere.com/article/824862
今日教堂 http://www.cchere.com/article/824863
本帖一共被 5 帖 引用 (帖内工具实现)
Dominating the ancient County Town of Lancaster, the Priory Church of St. Mary and the nearby Castle (still in use as a Court and Prison) together form a group of buildings of the greatest historical importance and significance. This brief introduction to the Priory is a summary only of its history, architecture, furnishings and its relationship with the City of Lancaster. More detailed literature is available from the bookstall which is situated at the back of the church.
圣玛丽小教堂和附近的兰卡斯特城堡（现在仍在作为法庭和监狱使用）占据了兰卡斯特古郡城的显著位置，它们一起构成了郡城中最具有历史重要性和历史意义一组的建筑。这个小教堂的简介仅仅总结了它的历史，建筑，室内陈设品和它与兰卡斯特城的关系。在教堂后面的书店里您可以找到更详细的文献。
Early History
早期历史
The hilltop site on which the Castle and the Priory stand is inside the lines of the Roman fortifications, most of which have been obliterated over the centuries. Many traces of these, however, have been discovered during either building works or archaeological digs and some of these have been left exposed in the field to the north of the church. This field – well worth a visit – is reached by the footpath which leads from the Priory down to St. George’s Quay on the River Lune.
兰卡斯特城堡和兰卡斯特小教堂所坐落的山顶位于罗马人建造的要塞防线内。虽然这些要塞都已经随着时间的流逝而湮没了，不过，建筑施工和考古挖掘中发现了很多相关的遗迹。其中有些被放到了教堂北面的草地上。这片草地本身就值得流连一下。您可以沿着从小教堂下到伦河上圣乔治码头的小路到达那里。
It seems possible that the earliest church or religious house one the site was of pre-Norman conquest origin. Certainly the doorway at the west end of the church appears to be of Saxon origin and in the north aisle there are a number of sculptured stones of the same period. The first written record relating to the church is in a document of 1094, now in the British Museum. By this document, Roger of Poitou (a distance relative of William the Conqueror and builder of the first castle at Lancaster) transferred “the church of St. Mary of Lancaster” to the Benedictine Abbey of St. Martin of Seez in Normandy. At some stage thereafter, buildings were erected (probably to the north of the existing church) to house the small group of monks who arrived from Normandy to represent the mother house and look after its interests – both religious and financial. No trace of these buildings, or indeed of the Norman Church, remains although the reflooring of the chancel at the beginning of the 20th century did reveal the foundations of Roger of Poitou’s original church.
此地最早的教堂或者宗教建筑有可能是前诺曼征服时期的。的确，教堂西侧的入口看起来起源于萨克森时期，同时，北面的走廊上有一些同一时代的石雕。第一份有关这座教堂的书面记录是一个1094年的文件，现存于大英博物馆内。根据这个文件，普瓦图家的罗杰（征服者威廉的一个远亲，兰卡斯特第一所教堂的建造者）把“兰卡斯特圣玛丽教堂”转让给了位于诺曼底●西兹的圣马丁本笃会大教堂。此后，这里建造了一些寺院给一小批来自诺曼底的修道士居住。他们代表着诺曼底的教堂总部来维护其宗教和财政上的利益。尽管20世纪初重新铺设地板时人们发现了普瓦图家的罗杰的原教堂的地基，这些建筑，或者说诺曼教堂，本身已经湮没无踪了。
Both the years 1322 and 1389 brought destructive visits from Scottish armies, and although the bulk of the Castle and the Priory appear to have been spared (for whatever reason) the rest of Lancaster was destroyed. The long war with France finally ended the ties between the Priory and its headquaters in Normandy and in 1414 it was handed over to the Brigittine nunnery of Syon in Middlesex. After this the church became the Parish Church of Lancaster with the right to appoint the vicar in the hands of Abbess of Syon. This remained the position until the Abbey was dissolved in 1539 as part of the Henry VIII’s Reformation. It is not clear whether the Priory buildings were then destroyed or merely allowed to deteriorate by being used as a stone quarry.
1322年和1389年，苏格兰军队的两度入侵给兰卡斯特带来了毁灭性的灾难。尽管由于未知的原因，大部分的兰卡斯特城堡和兰卡斯特小教堂幸免于难，兰卡斯特的其他部分都被夷为平地。此后，漫长的英法百年战争最终结束了兰卡斯特小教堂和它在诺曼底的总部之间的争执。1414年，小教堂被移交给了位于米德塞克斯●西恩的圣女布里吉廷女修道院。后来这所教堂成为兰卡斯特的教区教堂，有权任命西恩大教堂下属的教区牧师。这项权力一直保留到1539年，直到西恩大教堂在亨利八世的宗教改革中被解散为止。现在还不清楚兰卡斯特小教堂的建筑是随后即被拆毁了还是仅仅作为采石场使用而任其破败。
封面 http://www.cchere.com/article/824855
建筑 http://www.cchere.com/article/824859
室内陈设 http://www.cchere.com/article/824862
今日教堂 http://www.cchere.com/article/824863
本帖一共被 5 帖 引用 (帖内工具实现)
The Building
建筑
The bulk of the church as it stands today was constructed during the period of the association with the Syon Abbey. This includes the south and east walls; the main nave of the four arches on each side; the four bay chancel arcades and the side chapels of St. Nicholas and St. Thomas. These are all impressive examples of fifteenth century church architecture. The tower was built in 1759, an instantly recognizable landmark for many miles; the Regimental Chapel and the porch, were added in 1903; the Refectory (where light refreshments can usually obtained between Easter and October) was added in 1981. In 1993/4, to commemorate the ninth century of the founding of the original Benedicine priory, there was a major re-ordering of the east end of the church, together with general re-lighting and refurbishment.
现今大家所看到的教堂大部分都是在作为西恩大教堂的附属修道院时期建造的。这包括教堂的南墙和东墙；四面拱门的中央部分；四个隔间的圣坛拱廊及其两旁的圣尼古拉斯礼拜堂和圣托马斯礼拜堂。这些都是十五世纪教堂建筑中令人印象深刻的代表作。1759年，这里添加了一个塔楼，它成为小教堂一个明显的标志性建筑，从好几英里以外就可以看到；1903年添加了国王直属团礼拜堂和教堂入口的门廊；1981年添加了食堂，那里通常在从复活节到十月之间的日子里供应点心和饮料。1933到1934年，为了纪念最初的本笃会小教堂建立900周年，教堂的东面进行了一次大规模修复，同时更新了教堂全体照明设施，教堂内外整修一新。
Mention has been made of the Regimental Chapel. This was erected at the beginning of the 20th century as a memorial to the members of the King’s Own (Royal Lancaster) Regiment who had been killed in the South African War. The chapel also contains details of the heavy casualties sustained during the two world wars. The Regimental depot was at Bowerham Barracks (now the main site, in Lancaster, of St. Martin’s College) until 1959 when the Regiment was amalgamated with the equally distinguished Border Regiment based in Carlisle. The combined unit, known as the King’s Own Royal Border Regiment maintains a close link with the Priory and still recruits in this area. There is a very good collection of military colours dating from the eighteen century suspended from the roof of the chapel. A detailed guide to the Regimental Chapel is available from the bookstall.
前面提到了国王直属团礼拜堂。它是在二十世纪初为了纪念在南非战争中牺牲的国王直属（兰卡斯特王室）团成员而设立的。这个礼拜堂还保留了两次世界大战中的伤亡详细名录。国王直属团过去驻扎在博沃汉姆军营（故址在兰卡斯特的圣马丁学院的主校区），直到1959年直属团与位于卡莱尔的、同样名声显赫的边境团合并为止。合并后的部队称为国王直属皇家边境团。这个部队仍然和兰卡斯特小教堂保持着密切的联系，并且仍然从这里招募新兵。这里非常完好地收藏了从十八世纪以来的军旗，它们都悬挂在礼拜堂的房顶上。您可以在教堂的书店里找到关于国王直属团礼拜堂的更详细的资料。
封面 http://www.cchere.com/article/824855
早期历史 http://www.cchere.com/article/824857
室内陈设 http://www.cchere.com/article/824862
今日教堂 http://www.cchere.com/article/824863
本帖一共被 5 帖 引用 (帖内工具实现)
Furnishings
室内陈设品
The chief glory of the Priory is undoubtedly the beautifully carved choir stalls which stand on both sides of the chancel. These probably date from the fourteen century and, together with the carved wooden arms and the misericords under the stall seats, repay careful study.
兰卡斯特小教堂最值得夸耀的部分无疑是那些竖立在圣坛两边、雕刻优美的唱诗班坐椅。它们可能可以追溯到十四世纪。这些坐椅和木雕扶手以及坐椅下面的供站立的人依靠的托板都值得反复鉴赏。
The hand embroidered tapestries which form part of the choir stalls together with the cushions and kneelers in the chancel, were designed by the late Guy Barton and many of the designs are of local significance. These, together with the embroidered items in the side chaples, have been worked over many years by the ladies of the church. This work is still continuing. A much more detailed guide to the embroideries can be obtained from the bookstall. The Priory also has a magnificent set of alter frontals.
那些唱诗班坐椅上手工刺绣的织锦还有圣坛上的坐垫和跪垫都是由盖伊●巴顿设计的，其中的很多设计都是本地特有的。这些手工艺品以及教堂两边的礼拜堂里面的刺绣品耗费了教堂里面的女工很多年的时光，而且目前这些工作还在进行中。您可以在教堂的书店里找到关于这些刺绣品的更详细的介绍。在小教堂祭坛的正面，您还可以看到一套非常华丽的帷幕。
Visitors should note the pulpit dating from 1619. To commemorate the 1999 Royal Visit this has recently been restored to its original condition with the addition of a canopy and back panel. The crown on top is the original of 1619, discovered a few years ago in the tower. The three brass chandeliers date from 1717. These are still lit for special services – particularly at Christmas – when they look magnificent.
游客应该注意到了教堂里那座可以追溯到1619年的讲道坛。为了纪念1999年王室对这里的访问，这个讲道坛最近被修复到了原来的样子，并且上面加了一个华盖，后面加了一个背板。讲道坛顶上的王冠是1619年的原物，是几年前人们在塔楼里发现的。教堂中央悬挂的三支黄铜枝形吊灯是1717年的。现在它们仍会在特殊的宗教活动中点燃，尤其是圣诞节，这时，这些吊灯看起来非常壮观。
The white stone statue of the Virgin and Child by Sean Willaimson was commissioned in 1994 to commemorate the nine hundredth anniversary of the Priory.
教堂里的白色圣母圣子石雕是为了纪念兰卡斯特小教堂900周年纪念日而委托肖恩●威廉逊于1994年制作的。
Unique to Lancaster are three Coptic crosses in the style of the fifth century, brought to this country by the King’s Own Regiment during the Abyssinian Campaign of 1868. There are at the eastern end of the Regimental Chapel.
兰卡斯特独特的收藏品是三个五世纪风格的科普特十字架。它们是由国王直属团于1868年的阿比西尼亚（现埃塞俄比亚）战役中带回的。它们现存于国王直属团礼拜堂的东侧。
Also worthy of note is the White Ensign in the St. Nicholas Chapel which was recently donated to the Priory, demonstrating the link with HMS Lancaster, a type 23 Frigate completed in 1992.
另外值得一提的是在圣尼古拉斯礼拜堂里面的白色军旗。它是最近捐献给兰卡斯特小教堂的，代表着教堂与皇家海军军舰兰卡斯特号的特殊关系。这是一艘1992年完工的23型护卫舰。
封面 http://www.cchere.com/article/824855
早期历史 http://www.cchere.com/article/824857
建筑 http://www.cchere.com/article/824859
今日教堂 http://www.cchere.com/article/824863
本帖一共被 5 帖 引用 (帖内工具实现)
The Church Today
今日教堂
At the beginning of the twenty-first century the Priory Church of St. Mary is an outward looking body maintaining its close links with the City, the County and King’s Own Royal Border Regiment. It is regularly used by local organizations and schools for concerts and carol services and, of course, by its own congregation whose pattern of worship is greatly enhanced by its Choir and choral tradition.
二十一世纪初的圣玛丽小教堂是一个外向型的团体。它和本市，本郡，以及国王直属皇家边境团保持着密切的联系。它定期地被地方组织和学校用来举行音乐会和演唱赞美诗。当然它也被本教堂的会众们所使用，它的唱诗班和传统的唱诗活动对加深会众们的信仰起了非常大的作用。
Service at the Priory
Every Sunday
08-00 am Holy Communion (B C P)
10-00 am The Priory Eucharist
06 – 30 pm Choral Evensong (B C P)
And on the First Sunday of each month at
11-30 am Choral Matins (B C P)
Weekdays
Monday 12-30 pm Eucharist
Tuesday 10 - 15 am Eucharist
Thursday 12 - 30pm Eucharist
礼拜时间
星期日
上午8点：圣餐式 （BCP : 英国国教的公祷书）
上午10点：小教堂圣餐式
下午6点半：唱诗班晚祷 (BCP)
每月第一个星期日
上午11点半：合唱礼拜
星期一至星期六
星期一中午12点半：圣餐式
星期二上午10点15：圣餐式
星期四中午12点半：圣餐式
? Lancaster Priory 2001
Telephone 01524 65338
www. priory.lancaster.ac.uk
版权所有：兰卡斯特小教堂
电话：01524 65338
网址：www. priory.lancaster.ac.uk
封面 http://www.cchere.com/article/824855
早期历史 http://www.cchere.com/article/824857
建筑 http://www.cchere.com/article/824859
室内陈设 http://www.cchere.com/article/824862
本帖一共被 5 帖 引用 (帖内工具实现)