主题：【原创】【闲聊】也说李陵 -- 任爱杰
19. What is the greatest factor in making the convention work?
能使协议得到执行的最大力量是什么？
Effectiveness depends on whether the governments concerned ace willing to abide by terms of the convention
协议的有效性有赖于政府有关人员是否愿意遵守协议。
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20. What information must one give if captured?
被俘时战俘必须提供什么资料？
Name, rank, service number, and date of birth
姓名， 军衔，军号， 生日。
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21. What items may a POW retain?
战俘可保留什么东西？
Identity papers, grade insignia and unit marks, items of protection (mask and helmet), and personal items
身分证明， 军衔及部队标记，保护用具（防毒面具， 头盔）及个人用品。
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22. In your own words, what does the Code of Conduct mean to you?
Example: It is a written law (Executive Order) which governs my actions and conduct during the time of war should I become captured or a prisoner of war
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23. What is the main purpose of the Geneva Convention?
日内瓦协议的目的是什么？
In general, rules provide that prisoners of war must be treated humanely. Specifically forbidden are violence to life and person, cruel treatment and torture, outrages on personal dignity in particular, humiliating degrading treatment
提供了战俘必须被人道对待的准则。。。。。
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24. Can a person worship as he pleases under the Geneva Conference Rules?
Yes
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25. What are prisoners searched for?
Hidden weapons and documents of intelligence value
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26. Prisoners should be separated into what groups?
战俘被分成什么样的组别？
Officers, NCOs, enlisted personnel, civilians, and females
军官， 非战斗人员， 士兵， 平民， 女性
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27. The individual can be sure that while he is a POW the U.S. Government will do what?
当一个人被俘的时候，他可以确定美国政府会做什么？
Make every possible effort to secure his release
尽可能促成他的释放。
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28. According to the Geneva Convention, the detaining power can require POWs to perform labor in what situations or conditions?
根据日内瓦协议在什么条件下敌方可以要求战俘参加劳役？
It is neither military in character or purpose and provided they are not endangered in combat and no ultra hazardous activities of a non-military nature
从性质和目的上而言是非军事劳役，并且战俘的生命不应处在危险中，也不应有任何其他危险。
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29. It is important to properly handle POWs and speed them to the rear, why?
为甚么妥善处理战俘并尽快送往后方是重要的？
They may possess valuable intelligence information which interrogators can obtain from them
它们可能掌握重要情报而被审讯人员获得。
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30. What does silencing POWs do?
命令战俘闭嘴有什么用？
Prevents the POW from planning resistance or escape and tends to keep them under control
防止战俘串联准备抵抗，逃脱， 有效控制战俘。
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31. A good way to remember what you should do if you capture a prisoner is to use the 5-S\'s Rule. What is the 5-S\'s?
一个记住你抓住战俘时该做的事情的好办法是５Ｓ原则。
-Search
-Segregate
-Silence
-Speed
-Safeguard
搜查， 隔离，命令战俘闭嘴， 快速，警卫工作
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32. Prisoners are segregated into groups for what reason?
为什么战俘要被分组隔离？
Leaders cannot organize escape and cannot remind their soldiers to be security minded
军官不能组织脱逃，并不能提醒它们的士兵牢守纪律， 提高警惕。
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33. Safeguarding POWs means what?
警卫战俘的目的是什么？
Make sure that nobody is allowed to abuse them, make sure they are properly guarded to prevent escape, and make sure they arrive safely at the POW processing point
确认无人可以侵犯战俘，确认战俘受到合适的监视以防止逃脱， 确保战俘安全到达战俘处理地点。
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34. What is the legal authority supporting the Code of Conduct?
行为守则的法律依据是什么？
The Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ)
统一军法律
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35. What is the means to resist considered exhausted?
抵抗手段耗尽是什么意思？
When further fighting would lead to the soldiers death with no significant loss to the enemy
当进一步战斗只能导致士兵的死亡而不能造成敌人的显著损失。
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36. Are captured Chaplains or medical personnel considered POW\'s?
被俘牧师和医务人员是战俘吗？
No. They are considered \"detained personnel\" under the Geneva Convention
依据日内瓦协议，它们被当做是被拘留人员
Code of Conduct应该是这个：
你贴的是加上详细解释的。
Article II: I will never surrender of my own free will. If in command I will never surrender the members of my command while they still have the means to resist.
Article III: If I am captured, I will continue to resist by all means available. I will make every effort to escape and aid others to escape. I will accept neither parole nor special favors from the enemy.
Article IV: If I become a prisoner of war, I will keep faith with my fellow prisoners. I will give no information nor take part in any action which might be harmful to my comrades. If I am senior, I will take command. If not, I will obey the lawful orders of those appointed over me and will back them up in every way.
Article V: When questioned, should I become a prisoner of war, I am required to give name, rank, service, number, and date of birth. I will evade answering further questions to the utmost of my ability. I will make no oral or written statements disloyal to my country and its allies or harmful to their cause.
Article VI: I will never forget that I am an American, responsible for my actions, and dedicated to the principles which made my country free. I will trust in my God and in the United States of America.
具体位置约在今蒙古国南部鄂洛克泊南。汉书记载太简略，然而仅仅在那几十字中，也许已经能体会出什么来。在这样的一个地方商丘成能“杀伤虏甚众”还迫使匈奴退兵，此地更为李陵伤心之地，到底发生了什么？我想大概很容易想到。当然，仅仅是推测而已。
单纯同情者有之，借李陵抨击当权者有之，借李陵为自己的汉奸行为作借口者有之，其中最谬者乃是最后一种，不过是一种低级而愚蠢的精神自淫罢了。《答苏武书》已经明明白白，倘若李陵再世，自当诛尽洪汪之流
于低看卫霍的，无他，我想一大半是太史公的影响。这点我觉得是七十年代评法批儒把局面扭过来了。原因没啥好奇怪的，四人帮都可以看成外戚，当然会大力歌颂历史上最有才能的外戚了。我是在当时的一本《卫青和霍去病》的小册子里第一次看见大力贬低李广的言论的。李广在江青眼里显然是军头的形象。
实际发生的事情很难假设。汉武帝用外戚，有卫青霍去病，也有李广利。李广除了被俘的那次外，基本没有得到与卫青霍去病一样的机会。就是那次也还有遇到的对手力量不同的因素。卫青等人实际上成功了，因此一定是有杰出的才能的，但也不能说李广等人就没有才能，“才气无双”这个成语好象最早就是说李广。卫青最后一次把李广绕那么远也不是正常的安排，有怕李广战场上立大功的因素。这些当时人都看在眼里，因此才有人那么多人同情打了很多败仗的李广家族。
这个事情复杂的一面是卫青霍去病的出身。由于他们出生的低贱，有可能很多对他们有利的证据没有流传下来，毕竟有资格写历史的都是文人，他们骨子里是看不起卫青霍去病的。比如我们很难看出李敢为何一下就发展到要对卫青下手的程度，照理说卫青只是依法办事啊。是不是觉得俺这名门竟然受这等人的气？有等级歧视？
总的来说，汉武帝是很难侍候的，能躲远点就躲远点。跟他跟得紧的人基本都没有好下场，被灭族的一大群。不过那时候他就是国家，俺这些话都有汉奸嫌疑：）
我顺着读下来都费了好长时间
一定要花
另外，这个手则和之前咱对美国兵见人就投降，投降后苟且偷生的印象很不一样啊
有些条款，简直像是地下党的规定
例如说坚决不能招供和透露情报之类
真这样，估计全成烈士了。
还有那个必须汇报真实名字，职务之类，如果是大官，这么作不是自己往笼子里钻么，
如果胡编一个假名字，让人以为你是小兵，逃脱或者被释放的可能性怕是还大一点
军官被捕的话，真实身份职务貌似是不能泄露的
掩盖掉,还恬不知耻地称是按史记拍的,还有郭解,游侠列传是太史公在老百姓的立场上写的名篇,可是为了抬高汉武帝,又扭曲了原作
有司马的例子在前,后世的班固学乖了也不是没可能.而且汉书是官史,从利益上,当然是为皇帝说话.究竟事实是什么,我也不知道,只是觉得这样推论有问题.
这就是官史和非官史的区别
这就足以说明问题了。如果被俘美军士兵做到基地组织高官，大约美国人也不会宽容他。
当年移民，飞机起飞的时候，俺心中就涌起了这样的句子，觉得这最贴切不过地描述了当时的心情。
李陵的悲剧，其实已经是中国的文化历史的一部分。古往今来投降的多了，为何只有李陵留下了名字？这大致说明他的事情有一定的特殊性，不好简单的以汉奸对待。
毕竟人家没有宣传历史事实的义务。
较真的人只是少数。