主题:圣经故事与货币流动性权力 -- 唵啊吽
老百姓在中国就是纳粮,服劳役、兵役,在西方就是纳税。
民国时候,也有很多军阀自己印钞,如阎锡山在山西发行自己的钞票,不准中央钞票流通,东北张作霖也是这样。
掌握印钞权是国家强盛的必要条件。否则,别人印钞就拿走财富,还怎么积累财富。但是掌握印钞权不是充要条件。
我国明清两代都使用外力白银做货币,等于将印钞权拱手于外,北大韩毓海在其著作《五百年来谁著史》中,将印钞权列为明朝灭亡的两大内因之一。
共产党搞革命,在各根据地都自己发行钞票,也是同样道理。建国以后,我们的人民币是自己根据需要印制的,按照官方说法,是依据国内实物印制的。
但是,到了1994年,那个经济沙皇朱上台以后,以当时发生通货膨胀为理由,制定法律取消了我国政府印钞权。自此以后,人民币就依据手里的外汇美元来增印了。也就是说,出口商品换来美元,央行就增印人民币,从企业手里换取美元,国内人民币供应量就增加。这等于人民币是美元等外汇的代用券了,人民币的印钞权送给美国人了。央行副行长易纲和央行专家委员会委员,北大教授周其仁都发文确认过。
参见:周其仁的说法 http://www.talkcc.com/article/3285118
央行副行长易纲:http://www.talkcc.com/article/3300523
讨论经济,不了解货币发行机制,是不可能对经济有深刻了解的。
King Henry the First produced sticks of polished wood, with notches cut along one edge to signify the denominations. The stick was then split full length so each piece still had a record of the notches.
The King kept one half for proof against counterfeiting, and then spent the other half into the market place where it would continue to circulate as money.
Because only Tally Sticks were accepted by Henry for payment of taxes, there was a built in demand for them, which gave people confidence to accept these as money.
He could have used anything really, so long as the people agreed it had value, and his willingness to accept these sticks as legal tender made it easy for the people to agree. Money is only as valuable as peoples faith in it, and without that faith even today's money is just paper.
The tally stick system worked really well for 726 years. It was the most successful form of currency in recent history and the British Empire was actually built under the Tally Stick system, but how is it that most of us are not aware of its existence?
http://www.xat.org/xat/moneyhistory.html
Even though tally sticks were intrinsically worthless, taxation created a demand for them.
http://fskrealityguide.blogspot.com/2008/10/tally-stick-monetary-system.html