主题:从狭义相对论公式看当物体超光速的时候,是否是会时光倒流? -- 思想的行者
for the reasons said many times, I am going to write the way I have been writing, sorry for the "dark side" of it, using a lot of rough analogies to get the key & basic concepts/"model" across.
1.
德布罗意物质波 has no media or "介质" in terms of
macroscopic physics;
for classic/macroscopic waves, we normally can figure out the physics wave equations associated with them, partially by figuring out the physics of "介质" involved.
2.
德布罗意物质波 is still a 物质波
but the 物质 here is in terms of "mesoscopic and/or microscopic" physics, where "介质" is difficult to define in general, except for specific situations or applications such as "晶格/laatice viberations/晶格振动"/ phonon etc.
[PDF]
晶格振动的量子化-声子
staff.ustc.edu.cn/~zhaojin/courseware/chap10.pdf
轉為繁體網頁
引入简正坐标,用分析力学的方法重新处理晶格振动问题. 将分析力学中的哈密顿量 ..... (1)离子-离子相互作用引起的晶格振动--声子(phonon);. (1)离子-离子相互作用 ...
3
薛定谔(Schroedinger): how to model 德布罗意物质波?
1).
测不到"介质"
obviously, at his time, that was a huge challenge for humanity as a whole.
roughly speaking, his logic of guessing/modeling of 德布罗意物质波 is very logic and intuitive:
since it's hard to figure out the general "media/介质" of 德布罗意物质波, 薛定谔 starts with/or goes back to the original 色散關係 of 德布罗意物质波
2)
"测"色散關係
物质波是"概率波", and we are talking about physics, not "social science", if 测不到"介质", then how about 测 some kind of "form" related to 粒子 in terms of "动量为p=mv,能量为E"?
色散關係 is basically about the following concept
"德布罗意是把光的这个波粒二象性的事实加以推广,提出一切微观粒子都具有波动性的大胆假设,并论证了一个动量为p=mv,能量为E的自由的粒子,相当于一个波长为λ=h/p、频率为ω=E/h、沿粒子运动方向传播的平面波(h=6.6260755×10-34Js 是普朗克常量)";
dispersion relation
roughly speaking it is about relationship between 波数/波长 & 频率
4.
basic PDE modeling of wave function in general:
"回到波动方程,举个最简单的例子,平面波函数A*exp[i*(w*t+k*x)]。相信您学过傅里叶变换,理解为什么考虑平面波一般就够了。平面波函数对时间求个导数,哇塞,出来一个 i,进入虚数时空了!对空间位移求导,也能出 i,太神奇了。其实不光物理,工程也一样。随手翻开一本数字信号处理就会发现,Mama Mia!"
basically & roughly speaking,
波动方程 (such as those with "正弦波"解)对空间位移求导/微分: we are going after 波数/波长, similarly, if we do it a couple of times, we are going after pattern/ratios of 波数/波长 ;
波动方程 (such as those with "正弦波"解) 对时间求个导数/微分: we are going after
频率, & and if we do it a couple of times, we are going after the pattern/ratios of 频率;
and with all that, we are going after
色散關係 of "物质波", 方向正确?
with pattern or metrics of 色散關係 modeled and calculated, we then go to lab, play with a few atoms, such as 氢原子光谱: omg, 薛定谔=伟光正, global, at humanity level, 坐标系变换不变(:).
I had a post about 哈密顿 modeling and its apps in QM modeling of 德布罗意物质波.
5.
德布罗意物质波是"概率波":
again, roughly speaking, if in many cases, 德布罗意物质波 has no "介质"(or 介质 we can measure in the lab), then it is not really 傳播, with no 能量: in that sense, 德布罗意物质波 is a "phase wave" or travelling as 相位波 with 动量 & 概率;
here comes all the "complex numbers" related to 相位波, 超光速 etc;
"相位波"超光速 is real in terms of
"量子计算与量子逻辑门 操作上为所有可能的幺正变换,因而,对态的操作应是幺正的、 可逆的,无能量的"
6.
自旋, dirac equation, QFT, etc
as posted before about Berry相位, "相位波/field" is still 物质波/field, possibly related to 自旋 and atom (自旋 based) interactions with the global "heatbath" in terms of QFT , etc
POV is critical to 量子计算与量子逻辑门, not sure where China(or USTC) is in that area, likely very behind.
可观测量视为正算子测度,并深入探索而得到量子测量理论
7.
科学=logic+实证+預測
量子力学(& 量子场论) is the best we have ever had as a 科学, at this stage of humanity, period.
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[DOC]
3. PlaneWave-1
www.ss.ncu.edu.tw/~cjpan/wave/3.%20PlaneWave-1.doc
這就是dispersion relation(色散方程式),由dispersion relation來規範波在介質中的傳播,如果波在某介質下能傳播,就一定要滿足dispersion relation 其中k規範, ...
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哈密顿力学表述形式长驱直入量子力学 - 西西河
www.cchere.com/article/3871187
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2013年4月28日 - 哈密顿力学表述形式长驱直入量子力学 [ 晓兵 ] 于:2013-04-28 ... 赵凯华. (北京大学物理学院,北京l00871). PDF]. 创立量子力学的睿智才思.
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几何相位与量子相变| Yin Zhangqi's Blog
zqyin.wordpress.com/2007/04/26/几何相位与量子相变/
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2007年4月26日 - Berry相位,又称为几何相位,是系统的哈密顿绝热的沿着闭合的参数回路周期性的变化时,在波函数上引入的附加相位。几何相位与系统的Hilbert ...
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POV, 正算子测度
本书是Springer《物理学讲义》丛书新系列第31卷。书中利用量子理论的概率结构,用运算量子物理学给出量子力学一个系统表述。书中把可观测量视为正算子测度,并深入探索而得到量子测量理论,从而应用它来解决长期存在于量子力学基础中的哲学概念,并解释其中的疑难问题,而且使许多量子力学中最新的基本实验也获得圆满分析。
量子力学研究领域的高年级大学生、研究生和科研人员;物理学的哲学家及算子测度的数学工作者。
此书为英文版!
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🙂在评论以前不要瞎猜我学过什么没有学过什么 思想的行者 字0 2014-04-15 03:32:08
🙂没别的意思 24 测不到的信号 字2964 2014-04-17 04:53:47
🙂如果我知道量子纠缠超光速是因为什么物质实现的 思想的行者 字365 2014-04-19 23:35:29
🙂物质波是"概率波": 测不到的信号