主题：一种混合超级电容器 -- 请专业人员评价一下 -- ct

前几天刚去过那里，朝阳是国家超级电容器项目所在地，不过开发区里的企业也是干什么的都有。

至于专利上说的东东，我摘一段Maxwell公司的产品说明中的Theory部分：

Electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) are similarly known as supercapacitors or ultracapacitors. An ultracapacitor stores energy electrostatically by polarizing an electrolytic solution. Though it is an electrochemical device there are no chemical reactions involved in its energy storage mechanism. This mechanism is highly reversible, allowing the ultracapacitor to be charged and discharged hundreds of thousands to even millions of times.

An ultracapacitor can be viewed as two non-reactive porous plates suspended within an electrolyte with an applied voltage across the plates. The applied potential on the positive plate attracts the negative ions in the electrolyte, while the potential on the negative plate attracts the positive ions. This effectively creates two layers of capacitive storage, one where the charges are separated at the positive plate, and another at the negative plate.

Conventional electrolytic capacitors storage area is derived from thin plates of flat, conductive material. High capacitance is achieved by winding great lengths of material. Further increases are possible through texturing on its surface, increasing its surface area. A conventional capacitor separates its charged plates with a dielectric material: plastic, paper or ceramic films. The thinner the dielectric the more area can be created within a specified volume. The limitations of the thickness of the dielectric define the surface area achievable.

An ultracapacitor derives its area from a porous carbon-based electrode material. The porous structure of this material allows its surface area to approach 2000 square meters per gram, much greater than can be accomplished using flat or textured films and plates. An ultracapacitors charge separation distance is determined by the size of the ions in the electrolyte, which are attracted to the charged electrode. This charge separation (less than 10 angstroms) is much smaller than can be accomplished using conventional dielectric materials.

The combination of enormous surface area and extremely small charge separation gives the ultracapacitor its outstanding capacitance relative to conventional capacitors.