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Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold (Review)
Zhang X, Wu T, Zhang J, Yan Q, Xie L, Liu GJ
This is a reprint of a Cochrane review, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration and published in The Cochrane Library
2009, Issue 4
http://www.thecochranelibrary.com
Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold (Review)
Copyright 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd.
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
HEADER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
BACKGROUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
OBJECTIVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
AUTHORS’ CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
DATA AND ANALYSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Analysis 1.1. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 1 Change of symptoms. . . . . . . . . 101
Analysis 1.2. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 2 Change of symptoms (Sanhan Jiere Houfuye). 104
Analysis 1.3. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 3 Recovery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Analysis 1.4. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 4 Improvement. . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Analysis 1.5. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 5 Partial improvement. . . . . . . . . . 107
Analysis 1.6. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 6 No improvement. . . . . . . . . . . 108
Analysis 1.7. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 7 Number of participants whose temperature
normalised at 24, 48, 72 hours after drug administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Analysis 1.8. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 8 Time temperature started to abate. . . . . 109
Analysis 1.9. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 9 Average duration of fever time. . . . . . 110
Analysis 1.10. Comparison 1 Chinese herbs versus controls, Outcome 10 TCM signs (ITT analysis). . . . . . . 111
APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
WHAT’S NEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
CONTRIBUTIONS OF AUTHORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
DECLARATIONS OF INTEREST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
SOURCES OF SUPPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PROTOCOL AND REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
INDEX TERMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold (Review) i
Copyright 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd.
[Intervention Review]
Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold
Xiaoge Zhang2, Taixiang Wu1, Jing Zhang3, Qiu Yan4, Lingxia Xie5, Guan Jian Liu1
1Chinese Cochrane Centre, Chinese EBM Centre,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. 2State Key Laboratory
ofOralDiseases,WestChina College of Stomatology, SichuanUniversity, Chengdu, China. 3Reproductive Endocrinology,Department
of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. 4West China Medical
School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. 5Clinical Medicine, West China Secondary Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
China
Contact address: Taixiang Wu, Chinese Cochrane Centre, Chinese EBM Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37,
Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. [email protected]. [email protected]. (Editorial group: Cochrane Acute
Respiratory Infections Group.)
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 4, 2009 (Status in this issue: Unchanged)
Copyright 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd.
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004782.pub2
This version first published online: 24 January 2007 in Issue 1, 2007.
Last assessed as up-to-date: 21 July 2008. (Help document - Dates and Statuses explained)
This record should be cited as: Zhang X, Wu T, Zhang J, Yan Q, Xie L, Liu GJ. Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD004782. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004782.pub2.
A B S T R A C T
Background
Chinese medicinal herbs are frequently used to treat the common cold in China. Until now, their efficacy has not been systematically
reviewed.
Objectives
To assess the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold.
Search strategy
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2008, issue 2), which contains the
Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections Group’s Specialised Register;MEDLINE (1966 toMay 2008); EMBASE (1980 toMay 2008);
AMED (1985 to May 2008); the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBMdisc) (1978 to May 2008); and China National Knowledge
Infrastructure (CNKI) (1994 to May 2008).
Selection criteria
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) studying the efficacy of Chinese medicinal herb(s) for the treatment of the common cold.
Data collection and analysis
Four review authors telephoned the original trial authors of the RCTs identified by our searches to verify the randomisation procedure.
Two review authors extracted and analysed data from trials which met the inclusion criteria.
Main results
We found17 studies involving 3212 patients. Themethods of 15 studies were at high risk of bias. In only two studies was the risk of bias
low. Trials used “positive drugs”, of which the efficacy was not known, as controls. Different Chinese herbal preparations were tested in
nearly all trials. In only one trial was a Chinese herbal preparation tested twice. In seven trials, six herbal preparations were found to be
Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold (Review) 1
Copyright 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd.
more effective at enhancing recovery than the control preparations. In the other 10 studies, seven herbal preparations were not shown
to be significantly different from the control. One study did not describe the difference between the intervention and control groups.
Authors’ conclusions
Chinese herbal medicines may shorten the symptomatic phase in patients with the common cold. However, the lack of trials of low
enough risk of bias, or using a placebo or a drug clearly identified as a control, means that we are uncertain enough to be unable to
recommend any kind of Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold.
P L A I N L A N G U A G E S U M M A R Y
Chinese medicinal herbs to treat the common cold
The common cold is the most widespread acute respiratory tract illness affecting all age groups. Many Chinese herbal medicines are
used to treat this illness in China. Although we included 17 trials, involving 3212 patients, in this review, the risk of bias was so high that
the evidence did not support using any Chinese herbal preparation(s) for the common cold. Well-designed clinical trials are required.
B A C K G R O U N D
Description of the condition
The common cold is the most widespread acute respiratory tract
illness across all age groups
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