主题：【原创】为什么资本主义无法杜绝腐败兼论如何实行民主监督 -- 任爱杰

Sorry I cannot type Chinese on my computer.

I guess you didn't do an economics major. The model you used to describe the world is too simplified.

You idea is that because everyone has a share in the property, so everyone has the incentive to increase its value and monitor others to do the same. To avoid the tragedy of the commons, you need perfect monitoring and this requires monitoring cost to be low, and zero for a very large number of shareholders. Even assume this to be true, there is another problem. When people interact with only a small number of people, for example, I can only monitor my collegues in the same office and I can only be monitored by my collegues, and when the number of shareholders are huge, it is mutually beneficial for all of us in the office to shirek and stop monitoring each other. Your idea can work only the number of shareholders is small. For state-owned companies it does not work.

However, when the worker only owns the share of the firm she is working for, there are the equality problem. Different industry has different capital/labour ratio. The worker is more productive in high c/l ration industries such as car or aircraft and less productive in labour intensive industries such as clothing. Some people earn more just because they are lucky to be in a capital-intensive industry. This is not fair.

And how should the worker be paid? If they are paid by wage, then how should the wage level be determined, since in your idea, the worker cannot move from one firm to another, there is no labour market. And if they are paid out of profit, how to divide it? Since people do different kind of job, it doesn't seem fair for them to be paid eqully. But any other formulas are equally arbitrary.

Furthermore, what to do with new workers. How do they get a free share when they enter the labour market? With fixed level of capital stock, the more workers in a firm, the less average profit. So no firm would like to hire any worker. There will be worse unemployment problem than capitalist economies.

And how do a firm expand? Suppose you have got a capital market (a capitalist idea) and the firm can borrow, the workers are exposed to greater risks compared with their capitalist counterpart. When the firm goes bankrupt (maybe just bad luck), they not only lose their job, but all their assets.