西西河

主题:【写沈崇ing旁白】一言以蔽之1 吕思勉 -- 陈郢客

共:💬233 🌺1908
全看分页树展 · 主题 跟帖
家园 北欧的是叫Ombudsman

An ombudsman is an official, usually but not always appointed by the government, who is charged with representing the interests of the public by investigating and addressing complaints reported by individual citizens. The term arose from its use in Sweden, with the Parliamentary ombudsman instituted in 1809 to safeguard the rights of citizens by establishing a supervisory agency independent of the executive branch. The word ombudsman and its specific meaning has since been adopted in to English as well as other languages, and ombudsmen has been instituted by other governments and organizations such as the European Union.

本质上都是对谁负责、拿谁的钱、独立于谁这几个问题。钦差大臣对皇帝负责,监察官僚体系,和这个差别其实不大。

关键词(Tags): #ombudsman
全看分页树展 · 主题 跟帖


有趣有益,互惠互利;开阔视野,博采众长。
虚拟的网络,真实的人。天南地北客,相逢皆朋友

Copyright © cchere 西西河