主题：【原创】一叶知秋—经济学在中国的尴尬(五) -- 万里风中虎

对于人民公社为什么会破产， 三年灾荒是怎么回事，学术界早有定论：就是退出机制被杜绝,也就是没有自由退出的权利导致的道德风险。

你看来是颇有公社情结，我给你提供个书单，你有兴趣就读一读（一部分是世行首席林毅夫的，一部分是澳大利亚国立大学孟昕的，你看, 有男有女，有朝有野，有原因有结果，荤素都给你搭配好了)：

林毅夫

1. Rural Reforms and Agricultural Growth in ChinaRural Reforms and Agricultural Growth in China。　Justin Yifu Lin。　The American Economic Review, Vol. 82, No. 1 (Mar., 1992), pp. 34-51

2. Policy Burdens, Accountability, and the Soft Budget ConstraintPolicy Burdens, Accountability, and the Soft Budget ConstraintJustin Yifu Lin, Guofu TanThe American Economic Review, Vol. 89, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the One Hundred Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association (May, 1999), pp. 426-431　

3. The Household Responsibility System Reform in China: A Peasant's Institutional ChoiceThe Household Responsibility System Reform in China: A Peasant's Institutional ChoiceJustin Yifu LinAmerican Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 69, No. 2 (May, 1987), pp. 410-415　

4. Endowments, Technology, and Factor Markets: A Natural Experiment of Induced Institutional Innovation from China's Rural ReformEndowments, Technology, and Factor Markets: A Natural Experiment of Induced Institutional Innovation from China's Rural ReformJustin Yifu LinAmerican Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 77, No. 2 (May, 1995), pp. 231-242

5. The Household Responsibility System in China's Agricultural Reform: A Theoretical and Empirical StudyThe Household Responsibility System in China's Agricultural Reform: A Theoretical and Empirical StudyJustin Yifu LinEconomic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 36, No. 3, Supplement: Why Does Overcrowded, Resource-Poor East Asia Succeed: Lessons for the LDCs? (Apr., 1988), pp. S199-S224　

6. Public Research Resource Allocation in Chinese Agriculture: A Test of Induced Technological Innovation HypothesesPublic Research Resource Allocation in Chinese Agriculture: A Test of Induced Technological Innovation HypothesesJustin Yifu LinEconomic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 40, No. 1 (Oct., 1991), pp. 55-73　

7. The Needham Puzzle: Why the Industrial Revolution Did Not Originate in ChinaThe Needham Puzzle: Why the Industrial Revolution Did Not Originate in ChinaJustin Yifu LinEconomic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 43, No. 2 (Jan., 1995), pp. 269-292　

8. Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth in ChinaFiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth in ChinaJustin Yifu Lin, Zhiqiang LiuEconomic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 49, No. 1 (Oct., 2000), pp. 1-21

9. Collectivization and China's Agricultural Crisis in 1959-1961　Collectivization and China's Agricultural Crisis in 1959-1961Justin Yifu LinThe Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 98, No. 6 (Dec., 1990), pp. 1228-1252　

10. Food Availability, Entitlements and the Chinese Famine of 1959-61Food Availability, Entitlements and the Chinese Famine of 1959-61Justin Yifu Lin, Dennis Tao YangThe Economic Journal, Vol. 110, No. 460 (Jan., 2000), pp. 136-158　

孟昕

Gorgens, T., Meng, X., and Vaithianathan, R., “Selection and stunting effects of famine:　Case study of the Great Chinese Famine”.

Meng, X. and Qian, N., “The Long Run Consequences of China's Great Famine: The　effect of childhood malnutrition on adult health and labor supply”

Meng, X. and Gregory, R. G., “The impact of interrupted education on earnings: theeducational cost of the Chinese Cultural Revolution”.

小虎就是说书也是尽量处处都有出处，事事都有依据，而且绝对不是孤证。只是为了不让语言无味，面目可憎，没有把这些参考书目放在后面罢了。

你所说的现存的那些人民公社，我知道是哪些人在搞，我也知道他们在干什么。如果没有自由退出机制，或者不存在其他剥削体制（雇佣外来民工），他们迟早会出事。

这世界上是没有永动机的。