主题：【原创】【闲聊】也说李陵 -- 任爱杰

以下内容是我5年前收集的，但最近才翻出来（否则早忘了）。内容挺有意思，但不知道其内容是不是真的，请大家（尤其是高手们）鉴别一下：

《美军士兵行为守则》

来源：　http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/Quarters/9283/page25.html

这个看起来是美军新兵训练资料。　最后还附有习题。个别翻译可能不准确，请对照英文理解。

Code of Conduct

行为守则

As a member of the armed forces of the United States, you are protecting your nation. It is your duty to oppose all enemies of the United States in combat or, if a captive, in a prisoners of war compound. Your behavior is guided by the Code of Conduct, which has evolved from the heroic lives, experiences and deeds of Americans from Revolutionary War to the Southeast Asian Conflict.

作为美国武装部队的一员，在战场上，或被俘在战俘营里反对美国的敌人是你的责任。你的行为受到本行为准则的约束。本准则是从自独立战争到东南亚冲突中的美国英雄的事迹，经历演化而来的。

Your obligations as a U.S. citizen and a member of the armed forces result from the traditional values that underlie the American experience as a nation. These values are best expressed in the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights, which you have sworn to uphold and defend. You would have these obligations-to your country, your service and unit and your fellow Americans-even if the Code of Conduct had never been formulated as a high standard of general behavior.

你作为美国公民及军人的责任来源于隐含在美国作为一个国家的经历之中的传统价值。你所发誓捍卫及保护的美国宪法及权利法案最好的表达了这些价值观。你对你的国家，你的部队，你的同胞负有这些义务，即使本行为准则从来没有确定为普通大众的行为（高）标准。

Just as you have a responsibility to your country under the Code of Conduct, the United States government has an equal responsibility always to keep faith with you and stand by you as you fight for your country. If you are unfortunate enough to become a prisoner of war, you may rest assured that your government will care for your dependents and will never forget you. Furthermore, the government will use every practical means to contact, support and gain release for you and for all other prisoners of war. To live up to the code, you must know not only its words but the ideas and principles behind those words.

就像本行为准则所规定的你对国家负有义务，美国政府具有同等的义务来保持你的信心并和你一起为美国战斗。如果你不幸成为战俘，你可以放心政府将照顾你的家属并永远不会忘记你。

政府将用各种方式联系，支援，促成你和所有战俘的获释。为了遵守本守则，你不仅需要了解字面意思，并要求了解这些字眼所表达的思想和原则。

The Code of Conduct is an ethical guide. Its six articles deal with your chief concerns as an American in combat; these concerns become critical when you must evade capture, resist while a prisoner or escape from the enemy.

本行为准则是一个道德指引。他的６项条款将回答了你作为一个在战场上的美国人的主要疑虑；这些疑虑在你必须摆脱被俘，或作为战俘试图逃脱时将会非常关键。

Experiences of captured Americans reveal that to survive captivity honorably would demand from you great courage, deep dedication and high motivation. To sustain these personal values throughout captivity requires that you understand and believe strongly in our free and democratic institutions, love your country, trust in the justice of our cause, keep faithful and loyal to your fellow prisoners and hold firmly to your religious and moral beliefs in time of trial.

美国战俘的经历显示了要作为一个战俘有尊严从战俘生活生存下来需要巨大的勇气，奉献，和高度的主动性。在战俘生活中保持这些价值观需要你强烈的理解和相信我们的自由和民主，热爱你的国家，相信我们的事业是正义的，对你的战俘同伴保持信任和忠诚，在时间的考验中牢牢的坚守你的宗教和道德信仰。

Your courage, dedication and motivation supported by understanding, trust and fidelity will help you endure the terrors of captivity, prevail over your captors and return to your family, home and nation with honor and pride.

你的理解，信任及忠诚将使你更有勇气，奉献和主动性，它们将帮助你忍受被俘的恐惧，战胜你的捕获者并光荣和自豪地回到你的家人和祖国身边。

CODE OF CONDUCT I

I AM AN AMERICAN FIGHTING IN THE FORCES THAT GUARD MY COUNTRY AND OUR WAY OF LIFE, I AM PREPARED TO GIVE MY LIFE IN THEIR DEFENSE

１。　第一条：　我是在军中作战保护我的国家以及我的生活方式。我准备为保护我的国家献出生命。

All men and women in the armed forces have the duty at all times and under all circumstances to oppose the enemies of the United States and support its national interests. In training or in combat, alone or with others, while evading capture or enduring captivity, this duty belongs to each American defending our nation regardless of circumstances.

CODE OF CONDUCT II

所有男女军人不论何时何地都有责任反击美国的敌人，保护美国的国家利益。不论在训练和战斗中，独自或成建制，被敌人追捕或已经被俘，不论何种情况，每个保护我们国家的美国人都有这种责任。

I WILL NEVER SURRENDER OF MY OWN FREE WILL. IF IN COMMAND, I WILL NEVER SURRENDER THE MEMBERS OF MY COMMAND WHILE THEY STILL HAVE THE MEANS TO RESIST

第二条：　我将永远不屈服（投降）。如果我是指挥官，当我的下属依然有手段抵抗时，我将永远不（率领）它们投降。

As an individual, a member of the armed forces may never voluntarily surrender. When isolated and no longer able to inflict casualties on the enemy, the American soldier has an obligation to evade capture and rejoin friendly forces.

解释：作为个人，武装部队的一员将永远不能志愿投降。当处在孤立状态，不可能导致敌人伤亡时，　美国士兵有义务尽量逃脱敌人返回部队或友军。

Only when evasion by an individual is impossible and further fighting would lead only to death with no significant loss to the enemy should one consider surrender. With all reasonable means of resistance exhausted and with certain death the only alternative, capture does not simply dishonor.

解释：　只有（对个人）逃脱不可能而且进一步的反抗只能导致死亡而对敌人没有显著损失的时候才能考虑投降。当所有可能的抵抗手段都耗尽，而死亡是唯一的结局时，　被俘不是耻辱。

The responsibility and authority of a commander never extends to the surrender of a command to the enemy while the command has the power to fight and evade. When isolated, cut off or surrounded, a unit must continue to fight until relieved or able to rejoin friendly forces through continued efforts to break out or evade the enemy.

解释：　当下属依然有能力战斗及摆脱敌人时，一个指挥官永远没有指挥下属向敌人投降的责任和权利。当（部队）被孤立，隔断或包围时，部队必须继续战斗努力突围，摆脱敌人，直到被救援或加入友军。

CODE OF CONDUCT III

第三条

IF I AM CAPTURED I WILL CONTINUE TO RESIST BY ALL MEANS AVAILABLE. I WILL MAKE EVERY EFFORT TO ESCAPE AND AID OTHERS TO ESCAPE. I WILL ACCEPT NEITHER PAROLE NOR SPECIAL FAVORS FROM THE ENEMY.

３。　如果我被俘，　我将继续尽可能地抵抗。我会竭尽全力逃脱并帮助他人逃脱。我不会接受敌人的任何利诱和任何特殊待遇。

The duty of a member of the armed forces to use all means available to resist the enemy is not lessened by the misfortune of captivity. A POW is still legally bound by the Uniform Code of Military Justice and ethically guided by the Code of Conduct. Under provisions of the Geneva Convention, a prisoner of war is also subject to certain rules imposed by the captor nation. When repatriated, a prisoner of war will not be condemned for having obeyed reasonable captor rules, such as sanitation regulations.

解释：　武装部队成员有责任用各种方式抵抗敌人，这种责任并不因为不幸被俘而减弱。战俘依然受军法约束，以及军人守则的道德指导。根据日内瓦公约，　战俘也受到某些捕获方的规定约束。当被遣返时，　战俘不会因为遵守敌方的合理规定而被追究责任，比如卫生方面的规定。

The duty of a member of the armed forces to continue to resist does not mean a prisoner should engage in unreasonable harassment as a form of resistance. Retaliation by captors to the detriment of that prisoner and other prisoners is frequently the primary reason of such harassment.

军人继续抵抗的义务不意味着战俘应该从事任何不合理的对敌方的骚扰。敌方对战俘的报复通常是导致这种骚扰的原因。

The Geneva Convention recognizes that a POW may have the duty to attempt escape. In fact, the Geneva Convention prohibits a captor nation from executing a POW simply for attempting escape. Under the authority of the senior official (often called the senior ranking officer, or SRO), a POW must be prepared to escape whenever the opportunity presents itself. In a POW compound, the senior POW must consider the welfare of those remaining behind after an escape. However, as a matter of conscious determination, a POW must plan to escape, try to escape and assist other to escape.

日内瓦协议承认战俘有逃脱的义务，并禁止敌方处决仅仅尝试逃跑的战俘。在上级军官的指挥下，战俘必须准备利用任何机会逃脱。军官必须考虑逃脱后那些未能逃脱的战俘的利益。但是作为良心的决定，战俘必须准备并尽量逃脱，同时帮助它人逃脱。